Gas-burner.



v Hw. S. `CAMPBELL.

' (No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HOWARD S. CAMPBELL, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- THIRD TO CHARLES D. NICOLAI, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

GAS-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming pare of Leer-.ers Patent No. 693,836, dated February 25, 1902. Application led November 5. 1900. Serial No. 35,509. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern.:V

Be it known that I, HOWARD S. CAMPBELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the State ofA Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention pertains toimprove- -ments in gas-burners, and has'reference more particularly'to that kind of Aburner wherein an incandescent mantle is employed.

The invention will be best understood upon reference to the annexed drawings,wherein- Figure l is a side elevation of the device, partly in section; Fig.V 2, a transverse sectional view on the line l l; Fig. A3, a vertical sectional view of a modied form of the apparatus, and Fig. 4 a similar View of a still further modification.

As is well known to those familiar with incandescent gas -lighting the mantles ernployed are very fragile, and when subjected to constant jarring action vtheir life is materially shortened. Attempts have hitherto been made to provide a support which would prevent the mantle from being subjected to jarring action; but most, if not all, of these supports have used springs to wholly or in part sustain the mantle.

The object of my invention is to provide a support for the mantle 'which while relieving it of any and all shock will'still maintain it in its proper position with relation to the iixture or lamp in connection with which it is employed and this without the use of springs. I accomplish this by using a float, upon which is mounted the burner and mantle, the float being of sufficient buoyancyto sustain both burner and mantle.

Referring to the annexed drawings, and more particularly to Figs. l and 2, A designates the ordinary service-pipe, upon which is mounted and secured a cup B, having a tubular shell or cylindrical member C extending upwardly therein in line with the opening in the service-pipe A. In the cup thus formed there is placed a liquid-mercury by preference-to approximate the height indicated in Fig. 1. A bell D, having an outwardly-proj ectin g lower edge E ,which by preference is slightly turned up, as indicated at F, Fig. l, is inserted into the cup B. To the upper end of said bell there is connected a fitting or coupling G, to which in turn is connected an ordinary Bunsen burner H, such as is used in connection with incandescent mantles. The mantle is designated by the reference-letter I. The coupling G, as is shown, communicates with the space below the bell, or, in other words, there is a direct passage for the gas issuing from the servicepipe through the tube C and up through the coupling to the burner H and mantle I. Interposed between the inner wall ofthe cup B and the outer wall of the bell D is a ring J, which, being of steel, iron, glass, porcelain, or any suitable material, will iloat upon the surface of the mercury within the cup. A second ring K is placed between the tube C and the inner face of the bell D, which ring by preference is larger in cross-section than the outer ring. Upon reference to Fig. l it will be observed that the bell'rests upon this larger ring and tends to buoyit up within the cup. The rings in the construction illustrated are shown as hollow and maybe what are commonly known as vacuum-rings, whereby their iioatage is increased. The belll is also buoyed up directly by the mercury, owing to the greater speciiic gravity thereof. lThe outturned lower edge or end of the bell Vby presenting a greater area of metal than would otherwise obtain if the bell were perfectlystraight also assists in floating it within the cup. The rings J VK, iioating on the mercury,`permit the bell to rise and fall without any material friction, as well as to guide and properly position it with reference to the cup and the central tube C. In order to prevent too great a lateral deflection of the bell with relation to the cup, guiding-arms L are preferably secured to the inner face of the bell and extend out toward the central tube C. In practice it has been found advantageous to'employ three of suchv arms in connection with the bell, and they may be formed of spring metal, so as to afforda yielding action between the parts should such action be required by eX- cessive amount of deiiection of one of the parts relatively to the other. I prefer to prevent the accumulation of foreign matter within the cup, to form or provide it with a cover M, the central opening in which is of such dimension as to allow the fitting G to pass freely therethrough, as well as to afford space enough for the lateral deflection of the parts without their coming into contact with each other.

In the construction shown in Fig. 3 the fitting G is supported by or attached to what is commonly known as a double bell or fioat, which comprises an outer wall N and an inner wall O, the lower ends of said walls being turned out and upwardly, as is the case with the bell illustrated in Fig. l. A ring is placed intermediate the outer wall N and the cup, and a second ring is placed intermediate the inner wall and the central tube or supplypipe. It is preferred to use this form of bell when mercury is employed, though it may be used with any other liquid if the means for maintaining proper iioat-age of the bell in the cup be present. In the construction shown in this gure a by-pass P is provided, and a tube I extends up therefrom within the bell to a point near its upper end. This will give Y a constant pressure of gas within the closed bell and serve to elevate the same. The gas when turned on and passing through the central stem will also in a measure in this case, as well as in the'construction shown in Fig. l, serve to assist'in the elevation of the bell or fioat within the cup.

In Fig. 4 a double-float construction is shown similar to that in Fig. 3; but instead of employing gas-pressure beneath orwithin the float to sustain it I propose to employ air therein, the air passing through a pipe R, carrying at its upper end a check-valve S, the valve being so constructed as to check the outflow of air through the .pipe R. In order to prevent too great an air-pressure withinthe bell, or, in other words, to prevent it from being elevated entirely out of the cup, and thus allow the gas to escape, an opening T is formed in the outer wall of the bell, which -.opening normally stands below the surface of the mercury or other liquid employed within the cup. It will be readily understood that if the pressure beneath the bell is such as to elevate it too far the opening will come above the surface of the mercury, permitting the,

air or gas to escape, thus reducing the pressure and preventing the bell from rising too far and breaking the seal. In place of the guide-rings shown in the other figures balls U are employed as guides intermediate the float and the central tube C and the cup. No claim is made herein specifically to the balls as guides, as their employment is not solely my invention.

It is to be noted that in the constructions shown in Figs. 3 and 4. no springs are present. It is also apparent that the invention is susceptible of many minor modifications or changes in the construction of the parts, and

I do not, therefore,desire to limit myself to the particular embodiment shown and described.

Where mercury is the liquid employed in the cup, it is of course to be understood that the parts are to be constructed of such materials as will render them free from the amalgamating effects of the mercury.

This invention was primarily designed for use in connection withv street-lamps used in large cities and in which the mantle is subj ected to much vibration owing to the passing of heavy trucks, electric cars, and the like. It is of course susceptible of being used in any position where the burner is subject to any vibratory or jarring action.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is l. In combination with a gas-supply pipe, a cup mountedthereon, provided with'a tubular shell extending up therein and in communication with the gas-supply pipe; a liquid contained within said cup; abell mounted within said cup and wholly floated and supported by said liquid; and a burner and mantle carried by said bell.

2. In combination with a gas-supply pipe, a cup mounted thereon and provided with a tubular shell extending upwardly therein; mercury placed within said cup; a float placed within the cup and wholly supported and floated by the mercury; and a burner and mantle supported and carried by the float.

3. In combination with a gas-supply pipe, a cup mounted thereon, provided with an upwardly-extending tubular shell C; mercury placed within said cup; a bell mounted within said cup and extending down into the mercury; iioating guides placed intermediate the bell and the tubular shell; and a mantle and burner carried and supported by said bell.

4. In combination with a gas-supply pipe, a cup carried thereby, provided with an upwardly-extending tubular shell C; mercury placed within said cup; a bell mounted within said cup and extending down into the mer; cury; a floating ring interposed between said tubular shell C and the inner face of the bell; a second ring placed intermediate the outer wall of the bell and the cup', and a mantle and burner supported by said bell.

5. In combination with a gas-supply pipe, a cup mounted thereon; mercury placed within said cup; a bell mounted within said cup and extending down into the mercury; means acting intermediate the surface of the mercury and the inner face of the bell to assist the mercury in supporting the bell; and a burner and mantle carried by the bell.

6. In combination with a gas-supply pipe, a cup mounted thereon and provided with an upwardly-extendin g tubular shell C; mercury contained within said cup; a bell mounted within said cup and extending down into the mercury, the lower end of said bell being IOO turned outwardly, substantially as described;

7 In combination with a. gas-supply pipe, In testimony whereof I have signed my a. cup mounted thereon and provided With an name to this specification in the presence of upwardly-extending tubular shell C; mercury tWo subscribing Witnesses.

contained Within said-cup; a double-Wall bell HOWARD S. CAMPBELL. 5 mounted Within the cup and extending down Witnesses:

into the mercury; and a, burner and mantle CEAS. D. NIOOLAI,

supported by said bell. HORACE A. DODGE. 

